Ditching apparatus.



No. 643,738. Patented Feb. 20, |900.

J. T. & S. H. BAXTER.

DITCHING APPARATUS.

(Application led Mar. 30, 1899.)

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No. 643,738. Patented Feb. 20, |900. J. T. & S. H. BAXTER.

DITCHING APPARATUS.

(Application filed Mar. 30, 1899.) (No Model.) n 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented Feb. 20, |900. J. T. S. H. BAXTER.

DITCHING APPARATUS.

(Application filed Mar. 30, 1899.1

5 Sheets-Sheet 3 (No Model.)

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DITCHING APPARATUS.

(Application led Mar. 30, 1899!, (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

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No. 643,738. Patented Feb. 2o, |900.

J. T. S. BAXTER. DITCHING APPARATUS.

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ANiTnD STATES PATENT Brice.

JOHN T. BAXTER AND SAMUEL H. BAXTER, OF JACKSON, TENNESSEE.

DITCHING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 643,738, dated February20, 1900.

Application fil ed March 3 0, l. 8 9 9.

T0 @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN T. BAXTER and SAMUEL H. BAXTER, citizens ofthe United States, residing at Jackson, in the county of Madison andState of Tennessee, have invented a new and useful Ditching Apparatus,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a ditching apparatus and is intended,primarily, for use upon railroads; and the object of the invention is toprovide an efiicient machine of this character which is operable toditch and remove large quantities of earth and to convey the same awayfrom the place of excavation and deposit it at preselected points alongthe track, and the apparatus can be driven in opposite directions eitherfor plowing np the earth or for scooping up or excavating the same whenloosened up by the plow, and as a means for securing the maximum amountof work we prefer to employ two scoops, one being located upon each sideof the car.

The apparatus includes in its construction a car which maybe of anysuitable type or pattern; but we prefer to employ a Hat-car, theplatform of which constitutes a convenient deck for sustaining thehoisting mechanism and derrick, and in connection with said car anearth-excavating device, drums, connections between the drums and theexcavating device for elevating the latter, and driving mechanism forthe drums, controlled by the movement of the car, and in the presentcase the drums are driven by means of suitable connections from one ofthe axles, so that when the car is moved forward the axle will serve torotate the drums, whereby the chains can be wound thereon for thepurpose of elevating the excavating device, which consists, preferably,of a scoop. The mechanism j ust set forth ispreferabl y d uplicated atopposite ends of the car, by reason of which we can secure a very largeamount of work. The drums, to which allusion has been made, areindependently operative, and they can be individually connected with thedriving mechanism, so as to wind one or more of the chains thereupon forchanging the position of the excavating devices or scoops-that is, bywinding predetermined lengths of the chains upon the proper drums thescoops can be tilted.

Serial No. 711,092. (No model.)

The apparatus involves as another feature two arms located uponV the carat suitable points in its length and which arms carry guiding means,such as pulleys, over which the chains connecting a scoop with thewinding-dru ms pass, and one of these arms is mounted to be raised andlowered, it occupying when in use a substantially-horizontal position;but when the position of the car is changed from one section of the roadto another this arm is elevated, so that it cannot come in contact withobstructions. The other arm of the two is mounted to turn upon the car,so that when the latter is moved from one Iield of operation to anotherthis arm can be shifted to a position between the opposite longitudinaledges of the car, where it will be out of the way. This turning-arm ispreferably carried by a turn-table, which can be rotated by operativeconnections with one of the axles of the car, it being thrown intoaction with the axle by coupling mechanism within the control of anattendant, and the arm which is raised and lowered and which cooperateswith said turning-arm can be elevated by means of power derived from theaxle, from which it will be seen that no time need be lost in changingthe positions of the arms when it is desired to transport the car fromone section of a road to another.

In connection with the car a plow or plows will be provided, and whensaid plows are employed they can be united to the chains which areconnected to the drums, and they serve to loosen up the earth uponopposite sides of the track when the car is moved forward or backwardalong said track, thereby minimizing the work to be done by the scoops.

Itis not essential that the mechanism be mounted upon a car, for it willbe obvious that other conveyances can be employed to equal advantage forsustaining the hoisting, driving, and other mechanisms, nor is itnecessary that chains be employed for connecting the hoistin g-dru mswith the'scoops. This term chain is employed simply to includegenerically all kinds of instrumentalities for effecting the elevationor tilting of the scoops by means of therotary winding-drums.

With these ends in View the invention consists in the novel combinationof elements and in the construction and arrangement of ICO parts, whichwill be hereinafter fully described and claimed.

To enable others to understand the invention, We have illustrated thepreferred embodiment thereof in the accompanying drawings, forming apart of this specification, and in which- Figure 1 is a side elevationof a ditching apparatus constructed in accordance with our invention andshowing one of the scoops in its lowermost position or that assumed whenthe car is moved forward for taking up the soil. Fig. 2 is an endelevation of the apparatus, showing both the scoops in their lowermostposition. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 4 is a longitudinalcentral section, on an enlarged scale, of portions of the car and otherparts being removed. Fig. 5 is a transverse central section. Fig. 6 is aplan view of the housing mechanism at one end of the car. Fig. 7 is asectional front view of a portion of the mechanism for turning thederrick. Figs. 8 to l1, inclusive, are detail views of the plowmechanism. Fig. 12 is a detail side elevation of a part of acar-platforln, showing one of the plows in working position.

Like characters denote like and corresponding parts in each of theseveral figures of the drawings.

We prefer to mount the different parts of the apparatus upon a car,which may be of any suitable kind, but which is represented as being ofthe flat type, and the same is denoted by C, and its platform 2 servesas a suitable instrumentality foi sustaining the hoisting, driving, andother mechanisms. The platform is mounted upon the trucks T and T', eachcarrying wheels adapted to travel upon the usual rails, and the axles 3of the truck T serve to drive one of the sets of hoisting devices whilethe axles 4 of the truck T are operable for actuating the other set ofhoisting devices, although 0f course other mechanism might be employedfor effecting these results. The means for conveying the motion from theaxles to the hoisting mechanism may be of any desired class; but we haverepresented and will hereinafter more particularly describe one sort.

The apparatus includes in its organization a derrick, which isrepresented as consisting of a Vertical mast or timber 5, to the lowerend and opposite faces of which the angular arms 6 are secured, saidarmsextending upwardly and outwardly and their upper extremities beinglocated during the ditching operation at some distance out from the car.The derrick-arms 6 are connected at their up per ends by the brace-rods7 with the mast or upright 5, which serves as an aid in maintaining therigid relation between the arms and mast of the derrick. The mast orupright 5 rises from the turn-table 8, (shown as consisting of a plateof circular form,) supported Within the annular wall 9, rising from thedisk 10, which is fastened to the upper side of the platform, and thisturn-table will, in practice, travel upon antifrictionrollers, whichinsure the easy action of the same. This turn-table, as will hereinafterappear, will be operated by power derived from one of the axles of thecar, and it will be apparent that as it moves about its axis from theposition represented in Fig. 3 the mast 5 will be turned, thereby makingthe arms 6 shiftable and adapting them to be swung inward until they aredisposed substantially midway between the opposite longitudinal edges ofthe platform, this operation being pursued when it is desired totransport the car to a new field.

The arms 6, which extend oppositely from the mast or upright 5,constitute means for supporting 4certain of the winding chains which areconnected with the scoops, while independent arms supported at theopposite ends of the car are adapted to carry the other winding chains,four of these chains being shown as employed and two being united toeach scoop at the opposite ends of the latter. The arms last mentionedare denoted by 12, and they are disposed in pairs at opposite ends ofthe platform and extend oppositely and outwardly therefrom, and theyarehinged at their inner ends to the plates 14, vbolted or otherwisesecured to the car-platform. These hinged arms when the apparatus is inaction extend outwardly horizontally from the car and, as before stated,they carry certain of the chains which are connected to the scoops, andthey are adapted, when the car is to be shifted,to be elevated untilthey occupy a substantially vertical or upright position, so that theycan thereby clear any obstructionssuch as water-tanks, signal-posts, andthe likealong the track. These hinged arms are braced by means of theangular rods 15, fixed thereto near their outer ends and havingbent-over portions to receive the pivots 16, which are carried by theannular Wall 9, and the pivots in turn are strengthened by thecross-bars 17, fitted over the ends of the same. When the main jointedarms 12 are elevated, the brace-rods 15, which extend angularlytherefrom, will be simultaneously lifted by reason of their pivotalconnection with the wall 9.

The scoops are designated by S and S', and they are located atoppositesides of the car and are connected each by a pair of chains witha pair of independently-operative hoisting-drums. The scoops consist ofbottom plates 1S,having upturned flangesfor walls 19, joined at the rearby the wall or flange 20, from which it will be seen that the scoops areopen at their fronts, so that the earth can freely pass into the same asthey are drawn forward with the car, and they are provided along theirfront edge with a series of fingers or claws which facillitate theiraction upon the earth.

The hoisting mechanism involves two pairs of drums located,respectively, at the opposite IIO ends of the car and the respectivemembers of which are denoted by 22 and 23, and to two of these drums 22the chains 24 are connected, said chains running over the pulleys 25,located, respectively, at suitable intervalsgapart upon the platform andangular derrick-arms 6, the last pulleys of theseries beinglocated atthe free ends of the two arms. These chains depend from the uppermostpulleys 25 and are branched at their lower ends, the respective portionsof the branches being connected to rings 26n upon the rear of the scoopsS and S', near the bottom thereof. The scoops are provided at theirfront ends with the bails 26, to which the chains 27 are united, saidchains running over pulleys 28, located at the outer ends of thefoldable arms 12 and also passing around pulleys 29,located atconvenient distances apart upon the upper side of the platform,land theends of these chains 27 are secured to the winding-drums 23. It will beapparent that by turning the drums 22 the rear end of the scoops can beraised or lowered for the purpose of adjusting the angular positions ofsaid scoops, and this is done just before the car is moved forward forthe purpose of ditching. When the requisite quantity of material hasbeen taken up by `the scoops, the rear ends thereof will be lowered andall of the drums will be thrown into action, so that as the car movesforward all of the chains can be wound upon the drums for the purpose oflifting the scoops above the ground. When the car reaches the place atwhich the earth is to be discharged,-the rear ends of the scoops willrbeelevated so that the material can gravitate from the then-inclinedbottom plates 18.

The shafts of the drums are denoted by 30, and they are sustained bystandards or bearings 31, secured to the car, and each of the drums canbe separatel y coupled with driving mechanism, for which purposeclutches of some convenient type will be used. The drum-shafts carryclutches 32, the movable members of which are operated by the handlevers33, so that by coupling the two members ot` the clutches the respectivedrums will be connected with their shafts so as to be driven, and itwill be apparent that each drum is separately effective, so that theopposite ends of the scoops can be tilted as occasion arises. Thedrum-shafts carry the gears 34, meshingwith gears 35 upon the shafts 36,supported by the standards 31, and these shafts 36 are provided neartheir middle with sprocket-wheels 37, that receive the sprocketchains38, extending through slots in the platform 2 and traveling aroundsprocket-wheels 39, secured to the axles 3 and 4 of the two trucks, byreason of which motion can be imparted to the drums when they areclutched to their shafts for the purpose of elevating the scoops or forchanging the angular position thereof just prior to a ditching operationor for discharging the contents of the scoops at a place selected by theperson or persons in charge of the car.

We prefer to elevate the jointed arms 12 by power derived from theaxles, and for this purpose the hoisting-chains 40 are provided, saidchains being secured at one end to eyes on the collars 41,which arefixed to the jointed arms 12, and said chains pass over pulleys 42,secured to the masts or uprights 43, near the upper and lower ends,respectively, of the latter, and these chains are connected with thedrums 44, the shafts 45 of which are supported by the standards orframes 31. The friction-wheels 46 are secured to the shafts 45 andreceive motion from friction-wheels' 47, carried by the shafts 48. Theseshafts 48 have gears at their opposite ends, meshing with the gears 35,so that when the car is moved forward the outermost drums 44 can berotated for the purpose of winding the chains 40 thereon, and as thesechains are connected with the jointed arms 12 the latter will beelevated to an upright position.

As a means for preventing unwinding of the scoophoisting chains 24 and27 we provide, in connection with the several drums 22 and 23, suitablebrake devices which are adapted when set to prevent unwinding orretractve motion of the drums when the car is beingshifted to conveyscoopfuls of earth to a place of discharge. The drum-locking mechanismconsists, preferably, of frictionbrakes, a brake being operative witheach hoisting-drum,as well as with the drums which elevate the jointedrods 12, and these brakes are adapted to be set by levers disposed insets corresponding with the sets of hoistingdrums. Therefore it will beunderstood that an attendant will be located at each end of IOO the carand that each attendant will operate IIO All of the hoisting-drums areprovided with i circular extensions or disks 49, adapted to besurrounded by the split rings or straps 50, which latter are adapted tobe thrown into frictional engagement with said disks. Thesefriction-brakes 50 are each pivoted to links 51, disposed, respectively,at angles relatively to said friction-brakes and pivoted at their lowerends to the framework. These links at about their middles receive therock-shafts 52, fixed thereto and supported by the standards 31, and itwill be apparent that by turning these rock-shafts in one direction thelinks 51 will be rocked, thereby throwing the frictionbrakes into firmfrictional contact with the circular extensions of the winding-drums,and hence blocking the rotation of the latter. Any means suitable forthe purpose may be employed for operating the shaf ts in the mannerthusindicated; but we prefer to connect levers with said rock-shafts,which levers have pedals located to be operated by the feet of the menon the car for blocking the operation of the winding-dru ms or forreleasing the same to permit the paying off of the chains and theconsequent lowering of the scoops. To the ends of the rock-shafts 52 thelevers 53 are aflixed, said levers terminatingin pedals 54, adapted toreceive the feet of an attendant for the purpose of throwing thefriction-brakes into action.

Vhile we have shown sulhcient mechanism for locking the winding-drumwhen the chains are wound upon the same, it will be evident that otherinstrumentalities may be em ployed for the purpose.

It will be remembered that the mast or upright 5 is supported for' axialmovement, so that when it turns the two arms 6 can be swung over the caror into working position, and in the present case the operations of themast are effected by mechanical means controlled by the movement of thecar, the power being preferably derived from the axles of the truck T.

The turn-table 8 has a depending stud or spindle 55, extending throughthe platform 0f the car and to which the worm-wheel 56 is secured, saidworm-wheel meshing with the worm 57 upon the longitudinal horizontalshaft 58, which shaft is supported by bearings upon the under side ofthe car and is provided at its opposite end with a bevelgear 59, meshingwith the bevel-gear 60 upon the Vertical short shaft 61. This shaft 6lis provided at its upper end with a bevel-gear G2, adapted to mesh witheither of the bevelgears 63 and G4, which are preferably formed in onepiece and which are slidable upon and keyed to the -sprocket-wheel shaft36. The duplex driving member, consisting of the bevel-gears 63 and 84,is peripherally grooved or channeled to receive the stud 65 upon the endof the hand-lever G6, supported at one end of the car by one of thestandards thereon, and it will be apparent that this lever can be somanipulated as to throw either of the bevel-gears 63 and 64 intoengagement with the bevel-gear 62 at the upper end of the vertical shaft61, so that the derrick mechanism can be swung inward or outward nomatter in which direction the car travels.

The mast-arms 6 are connected to the sides of the platform 2 by means ofbraces or stayrods 67, having eyes at their upper ends connected tosimilar eyes from the arms and provided at theirlower ends with hooksadapted to engage in eyes upon the sides of the platform, and thesehooks of course are disengaged from the eyes on the car when it becomesnecessaryto swing the derrick-arms inward.

As hereinbefore stated, the scoops can be used for taking up earth whichis loose or sandy; but in solid ground we prefer to employ plowsconstituting a part of the apparatus, but which are normallydisconnected therefrom, and these are located upon opposite sides of thecar and are adapted, as the latter is moved backward and forward uponthe track, to dig up the soil, and when the requisite quantity has beenloosened the scoops, which were detached while the plows were inoperation, will be connected to the respective chains, so as to take upthe loose earth. A longitudinally-reciprocative beam is shown at 70, itbeing supported under the car for movement laterally of the latter orcrosswise of the track, and to this sliding beam, which is sustained bysuitable bearings upon the under side of the platform, are connected theplow-beams 7l by means of the clevises 72. As before stated, when theplows are in operation the scoops S and S will be detached, and viceversa. For the purpose of moving the longitudinal beam or plow-carriercrosswise of the car, so that the positions of the plows can beadjusted, any convenient means can be employed; but We prefer to employa rack-and-pinion mechanism. To one side of the beam 70 a rack 73 issecured, the latter running the entire length of the beam, and thepinions 74 mesh with this rack and are adapted when rotated to move theopposite ends of the beam inward or outward relatively to the car. Thepinions 74 are fixed upon the vertical shafts 75, located upon oppositesides of the car and supported by suitable bearings thereupon, and theseshafts carry hand-wheels '76 at their upper ends, by which they can beturned, and they are also provided with ratchet-wheels 7 7, adapted tobe engaged by pawls, as 78, pivoted to the floor of platform 2, thepawls serving tolock the ratchets, and consequently the shafts carryingthem, so as to hold the plowcarrier or reciprocative beam 'ZO in an adjusted position.

The plows are designated by P, and each consists of a share 79, securedto the oppositely-disposed wings upon levers 81, said levers beingpivotally supported at 82 to the extreme ends of the beams 71 and beingadjustably mounted thereon, the shares 79 being set by the manipulationof the upper ends of the levers and being maintained in their adjustedposition by means of pins 83, adapted to engage in openings in thelevers and to be seated in a pair of the two series 0f openings or holes84, formed at the ends of the beam. The wings 8O have eyes 85, while thebeams are provided with eyes 86, which are adapted to receive thehoisting-chains, hereinbefore described, when the scoops are detachedfor the purpose of plowing.

In practice the plows are first coupled and the car is run back andforth along the track to loosen up the earth to the proper extent andat'both sides of the track, and when this operation has beenaccomplished said plows are disconnected by detaching their beams andthe scoops S and S' are connected to their hoisting-chains, so that thecar may be run forward to scoop up the earth in the manner hereinbefored escribed,and when the required amount of earth has been taken up thecar will be taken to the place of discharge and the scoops will betilted for the purpose of emptying the same.

From the preceding description it will be evident that the apparatus iseffective and that the parts thereof are compactly disposed, that saidapparatus can excavate large quantities'of material and can work inopposite directions along a track, and that the material can be conveyedto any selected place and can be quickly discharged. When the apparatusis to be moved to a new field of operation, the brace-rods 67 and thescoops S and S' are unhooked, so that the derrick can be swung inward bypower derived from the moving car, and the haulage-arms 12 at the end ofthe car can be elevated in like manner, so that the car can be safelytransported without fear of striking obstructions always present alongthe line of a railway.

Changes in the form, proportion, size, and the minor details ofconstruction within the scope of the appended claims may be resorted towithout departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantagesof this invention.

Having thus described the invention, what we claim is l. The combinationwith a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair of drums,connec tionsbetween the drums and the excavating device for elevating the latter,and driving mechanism for one of said drums controlled by the movementof the car.

2. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair ofdrums, connections between the drums and the excavating device forelevating the latter, and driving mechanism for one of said drumsoperated by an axle of the car.

3. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair ofdrums, connections between the drums and the excavating device forelevating the latter, driving mechanism for said drums operativelycontrolled by the traveling movement of the carrying devices, and meansfor independently connecting said drums with the driving mechanism.

4c. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair ofdrums, connections between the drums and the excavating device forelevating the latter, driving mechanism for one of said drums controlledby the movement of the car, and means for locking the drums againstretractive movement when the excavating device is in its elevatedposition.

5. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair ofdrums, connections between the drums and the excavating device forelevating the latter, driving mechanism for one of said drums controlledby the movement of the car, and friction-brakes operable with saiddrums.

6. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair ofdrums, connections between the drums and the excavating device forelevating the latter, driving mechanism for one of said drums controlledby the movement of the car, circular extensions on said drums, ringssurrounding said circular extensions and adapted to frictionally engagethe same, and means for operating said rings.

r'7. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair ofdrums, connections between the dru-ms and the excavating device forelevating the latter, driving mechanism for one of said drums controlledby the movement of the car, circular extensions on said drums, ringssurrounding said circular extensions and adapted to frictionally engagethe same, links connected respectively to said rings and to theframework, and rock-shafts fixed to said links for operating the same.

8. The combination with a'car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair ofdrums, connections between the drums and the excavating device forelevating the latter, driving mechanism for one of said drums controlledby the movement of the car, circular extensions on Said drums, ringssurrounding said circular extensions and adapted to frictionally engagethe same, links connected respectively to said rings and to theframework, rock-'shafts fixed to said links .for operating the same, andlevers secured to said rock-shafts.

9. The combination with a car, of earth-excavating devices located atopposite sides of the same, two pairs of drums located respectively atopposite ends of the car, connections between the drums and theexcavating devices for elevating said last-mentioned parts, drivingmechanism for the drum controlled by the movement of the car, and meansfor independently connecting the several drums with the drivingmechanism. f

10. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair ofarms supported by the car, a pair of drums, chains connecting said drumsand excavating device, guiding means for said chains supported by saidarms, and means for driving the drums operatively controlled by thetraveling movement of the said car.

11. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair ofdrums, connections between the drums and the excavating device, shaftsfor supporting the drums and provided with clutches, and drivingmechanism controlled by the movement of the car and operativelyconnected to said shafts.

12. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair ofdrums, connections between the drums and the excavating device forelevating the latter, shafts for supporting the drums, a shaft sustainedupon the car and operatively connected with the caraxle for operationthereby, and driving con- IOO IIO

IZO

nections between said last-mentioned shaft l ported for elevation andtheother arm being and the drum-shafts.

134 The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair ofdrums, connections between the drums and the excavating device forelevating the latter, shafts for supporting the drums, a shaft sustainedupon the car and operatively connected with the caraxle for operationthereby, driving connections between said last-mentioned shaft and thedrum-shafts, and means for throwing said drums into and out of actionalternately.

14:. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair ofdrums, connections between the drums and the excavating device forelevating the latter, arms for supporting said connections, shafts forsaid drums, a second shaft, two series of meshing gears xed respectivelyto said drum-shafts and to the other shaft, and operative connectionsbetween the latter and a car-wheel.

15. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair ofdrums, connections between the drums and the excavating device forelevating the latter, shafts for supporting the drums and provided withclutches and also having gears, a third shaft provided with gearsmeshing with the gears on the drum-shafts, sprocket-wheels secured tosaid third shaft and to the car-axle, and a sprocketchain passing aroundsaid sprocket-wheels.

16. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating device, a pair ofdrums, chains connecting the drums and the excavating device and securedto the opposite ends ofthe latter, overhanging arms on the car providedwith pulleys to receive said chains, driving mechanism operativelycontrolled by the traveling movement of the carrying device, and means:for individually connecting the drums to said driving mechanism.

17. The combination with a car, of an earthexcavating scoop having sideand end walls, a bail secured to the front end of said scoop, a chainconnected to said bail, a second chain connected to the rear of thescoop, arms located at dilerent points in the length of and overhangingthe car and provided with guiding means to receive said chains, a pairof drums independently operative and connected with said chains, anddriving mechanism for said drums operatively controlled by the movementof a part of the supporting device of the car.

18. The combination with a car, of pairs of arms located at differentpoints in the length of the car, one of said pairs of arms being ele-Vatable and the other pair rotatable unitedly in a horizontal plane, anearth-excavatin g device adapted to be connected to one of each pair ofarms on opposite sides of the car, hoisting mechanislmand connectionsbetween the hoisting mechanism and the earth-excavating device.

19. The combination with a car, of a pair of arms located at differentpoints in the length of the car and one of said arms being snpsupportedfor rotation, an earth-excavating device, hoisting mechanism,connections between the hoisting mechanism and the earthexcavatingdevice, supported by said arms, and means controlled by the movement ofthe car for operating both of said arms.

20. The combination with a car, of a pair of arms located at differentpoints in the length of the car and one of said arms being supported forelevation, an earth-excavating device, hoisting mechanism, connectionsbetween the hoisting mechanism and the earthexcavating device, supportedby said arms, and means for raising and lowering the arm which issupported for elevation, said means being controlled by the movement ofthe car.

2l. The combination with a car, of a pair of arms located at differentpoints in the length of the car and one of said arms being movablymounted for elevation, an earth-excavating device, hoisting mechanism,connections between the hoisting mechanism and the earth-excavatingdevice, a drum, an arm or mast supported by the car near saidmovably-mounted arm, and a chain connected with said movably-mounted armand also with said drum, and a guiding device for said chain on the armor mast.

22. The combination with a car, of pairs of arms located at dierentpoints in the length of the car, one of said pairs of arms beingelevatably mounted and the other unitedly having rotation in ahorizontal plane,an earthexcavating device adapted to be connected toone arm of each pair on opposite sides of the car, hoisting mechanism,connections between the hoisting mechanism and the earthexcavatingdevice, a mast fixed near one end of the car, a chain supported by saidmast, a drum to which one end of the chain is connected, a collar onsaid elevatable arm, and means for rotating said drum.

23. The combination with a car, of a pair of arms located at diierentpoints in the length of the car, and one of said arms being movablymounted for elevation, an earth-excavating device, hoisting mechanism,connections between the hoisting mechanism and the earth-excavatingdevice, supported by said arms, a mast, a chain supported by the mast, adrum to which one end of the chain is connected, the other end of chainbeing connected to said movably-mounted drum, and mechanism controlledby the movement of the car for rotating said drum and for also operatingsaid hoisting mechanism.

24. The combination with a car, of pairs of arms located at dierentpoints in the length of the car, one pair being elevatable and the otherrotatable in a horizontal plane, hoisting mechanism, an earth-excavatingdevice connected to one of each pair of said arms, connections betweenthe hoisting mechanism and said earth-excavating device, a turn-tablefor supporting the pair of rotatable arms, a shaft IOO IIO

operatively connected to said turn-table, a y

second shaft operatively connected to the irstmentioned shaft, and twoseparate driving members shiftable alternately into working relationwith said second shaft.

25. The combination with a car, of a pair of arms located at differentpoints in the length of the car, hoisting mechanism, an earth-excavatingdevice', connections between the hoisting mechanism and saidearth-excavating device, a turn-table for supporting one of said armsand provided with a stud, a shaft operatively connected with said studand having a gear at one end, a second shaft having a'meshin g gear, athird shaft having two slidable gears adapted to mesh with a gear at oneend of said second shaft, and driving connections between said thirdshaft and the axle of the car.

26. The combination with a car, of a pair of arms located at differentpoints in the length of the car, one of said arms being movably mountedfor elevation, a rod connected to said movablymounted arm and pivotallysupported on the car, hoisting mechanism, an earthexcavatingdevice,connections between the hoisting mechanism and theearth-excavating device for raising and `lowering the latter, a mast, ahoisting-drum, and a chain connected to said hoisting-drum and movably4mounted on and supported by said mast.

27. The combination with a car, of a beam supported thereby, means fordetachably connecting a plow beam or beams to said firstmentioned beam,a rack secured to said rstmentioned beam, a pinion meshing with therack, a rod to which the pinion is secured, and means for locking therod in an adjusted position.

28. The combination with a car, of a beam supported thereby, means fordetachably connecting a plow beam or beams to said firstmentioned beam,a rack secured to said firstmentioned beam, a pinion meshing with therack, a rod to which the pinion is secured, a ratchet secured to saidrod, and a pawl on the car for engaging the ratchet.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own We have heretoaffixed our signatures in the presence of two Witnesses.

JOHN T. BAXTER, SAMUEL H. BAXTER. Witnesses:

ALLAN Ron, SAM. A. REED, Jr.

